Piping a pumping station in a private house. Where to put the pumping station. Use of common areas in the house

Such an important procedure as connecting a pumping station can be carried out according to various schemes, which makes it possible to pump out a liquid medium from different water supply sources. The choice of a specific connection scheme is determined by factors such as the water supply source used; number of water intake points; the number and type of household appliances that require water to function; the number of people living in the house; the presence of a garden plot (and therefore plants that need watering). After analyzing all of the above factors, you can select a specific model and begin connecting the pumping station according to a specific scheme.

What is a pumping station and what does it consist of?

A pumping station is a complex of equipment and technical means designed for supply, as well as for further transportation through a pipeline, of a liquid medium. The source of water supply to which such an installation is connected is usually a well (or well). Installing a pumping station in a country house or in a private house allows you to provide yourself with the required amount of water both for everyday needs and for watering the garden.

On the modern market you can find many pumping stations of various types and models. That is why it is important to know how to choose a device to solve certain problems, as well as how to install a pumping station in accordance with the chosen scheme so that such equipment operates with maximum efficiency.

Pumping stations, when compared with a separate water pump, ensure that the equipment operates in a more gentle mode, which significantly extends its service life. To understand how such installations work, you must first understand what structural elements they consist of.

So, the main structural components of pumping stations, used both to equip industrial enterprises and to solve everyday problems, are:

a pump whose task is to pump out water (in the vast majority of cases, pumping stations are equipped with surface-type pumps);
a hydraulic accumulator, which is a container, the inside of which is equipped with a membrane that separates the liquid medium pumped by the pump from the air;
a control unit that ensures the operation of the pumping station in automatic mode, turning the pump on and off when the pressure level in the hydraulic accumulator reaches a certain value;
control devices, the main one of which is a pressure gauge, which allows you to determine the pressure level in the water pumping station (WPS) system.

How to choose the right pumping unit

The question of how to connect the pumping station to a well or borehole is secondary. First you need to choose the right equipment. In this case, one must be guided by a number of factors.

Purpose

According to their purpose, pumping stations are divided into two main types: domestic and industrial. The latter, as their name implies, are equipped with manufacturing enterprises. The technical characteristics of these installations allow them to be used for pumping significant volumes of liquid media. Connection, adjustment, and especially installation of industrial-type pumping stations are carried out by qualified specialists.

Domestic-grade pumping stations are easy to install and easy to use

You can install a pumping station with your own hands if this equipment is intended to solve domestic problems (providing a summer house or country house with the required volume of water used for domestic needs, watering green spaces, organizing heating and operating washing machines, dishwashers, boilers, showers cabins, instantaneous water heaters, etc.).

Source type

A pumping station for a private home can be connected to various water supply sources. Each of them determines the scheme according to which the pumping station should be installed.

Operating mode

The connection diagram of a pumping station to a well, borehole or water supply system may imply manual or automatic mode. Depending on the required degree of mobility on the modern market, you can choose a stationary or mobile model.

When choosing a pumping station based on its operating mode and other parameters, one must also take into account how much water it must pump per unit of time. Thus, it is generally accepted that one person living in a private house needs 250 liters of water every day. When choosing a pumping station to equip a dacha, this figure can be reduced somewhat.

Installation location

Installation of a pumping station in a private house can be carried out in the basement of the building itself, in a separate building or in a caisson. The best of all the listed options is to install the station in the basement of the building it serves, where certain conditions are created for it.

So, in particular, it is necessary that the water supply pumping station, when installed in the basement of a house, be located at a level that will not allow it to be damaged when groundwater rises. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the pumping station, which is installed in the basement, does not touch the walls with its body, which can lead to their vibration. It should also be borne in mind that the room in which the pumping station is installed must be heated. This will protect the equipment from freezing in water during operation in the cold season.

If you decide to use a caisson, then it must also be insulated, and the station itself must be located below ground level at a depth at which the soil no longer freezes. Thus, the depth at which the caisson is mounted must be at least 2 meters.

If the depth of the underground water source, for which the pumping station is used, does not exceed ten meters, you can opt for single-pipe models. If this parameter is in the range of 10–20 meters, you need to choose two-pipe pumping stations for a well or well, equipped with an ejector device. Before equipping an underground water source with such equipment, it is necessary to develop a scheme according to which the pumping station will be installed in a well or borehole.

If a separate room located on the territory of a personal plot is used to install a pumping station, then the problem with the noise that such equipment produces is solved, but access to it for maintenance and repair is difficult. This option also assumes that the room in which the pumping station will be installed is insulated. It is also necessary to ensure that the pipes through which water from such equipment is supplied to the water supply system of the house are reliably protected from freezing.

How installation is carried out according to various schemes

Connecting the pumping station to the water supply in the house, as mentioned above, can be carried out according to various schemes. In order for you to choose the best one, you should consider each in more detail.

Two-pipe connection

Connecting a pumping station to a well or well using a two-pipe scheme is carried out according to the following algorithm.

The ejector is pre-assembled (for this you will need a cast iron tee with outlets for connections and a fitting).
A mechanical cleaning filter is mounted on the lower pipe of the ejector.
A plastic socket is installed on the upper branch pipe of the ejector, to which a fitting of the required length with a diameter of 1 1/4 inches is connected. To connect a given ejector pipe to a pipeline of a certain diameter, it may be necessary to use several connections.
To connect the last flow to the pipeline, a coupling made of bronze is used.
When placing the ejector in a borehole, it must be taken into account that the inlet pipe must be located at a distance of at least 1 meter from the bottom of the underground source, which will protect the device from large stones and sand getting into its interior.
The length of the plastic pipe to which the ejector is connected before descending into the shaft is calculated as follows: one meter is subtracted from the distance from the bottom of the source to the mouth of the well.
A pipe bend bent at an angle of 90° is installed at the upper end of the casing pipe. This homemade head is connected to the casing pipe using plumbing tape.
The upper end of the pipe, which is connected to the ejector, is inserted into the socket of a homemade head and the space between the walls of the pipes is sealed using polyurethane foam. The second socket of such a head is connected to the outer part of the water supply using corner adapters.
After carrying out the above procedures, it is necessary to connect a well pump with a hydraulic accumulator to the system, configure it to work with an ejector, and perform the first start of the pumping station.

You can learn more about what the above-described pumping station piping scheme looks like and how it is practically implemented using a video that is easy to find on the Internet.

When connecting a pumping station to a well with your own hands using a two-pipe scheme, you should avoid the typical mistakes listed below.

When installing the pipeline leading from the pumping station to the house, the required pipe length margin was not taken into account.
The threaded connections are not made very reliably and are poorly sealed, which can cause leakage of water supplied to the pipeline.
No appropriate attention was paid to the hydraulic tank, which should ensure a pressure in the pipeline of at least one and a half atmospheres. If the pressure value is lower, then it should be increased by pumping air into the air chamber using a compressor or a simple pump.

Connection to the water supply system

The question of how to start a pumping station so that it pumps water from the main water supply most often arises in cases where the pressure is not enough for the heating system to operate efficiently. To properly connect the pumping station to the existing water supply, you must perform the following steps.

At the place where the connection is planned, the water pipe is disconnected.
The end of the disconnected pipe through which water flows from the central system is connected to the hydraulic tank.
At the outlet of the storage tank, a pump is installed, the pressure line of which is connected to the pipeline leading to the house.
Then the electrical part of the work is performed (connecting the power supply to the pump and performing a test run).
Based on the test run results, the pumping equipment is adjusted and adjusted.

You can also get acquainted with the above-described process of connecting a pumping station in more detail using videos posted on the Internet.

It is very important to understand not only how to make the connection, but also how to adjust the pumping station, which is installed in a caisson, well pit or embedded in a central water supply system.

A properly adjusted set of such equipment should automatically turn off at a certain pressure (2.5–3 atm), and also automatically turn on when the liquid pressure in the system drops to 1.5–1.8 atm.

Both the installation of a pumping station in a well, borehole or a central water supply system, as well as its adjustment, can be done by yourself, the main thing is to know the algorithm for performing such procedures. After the borehole pump has been connected to the well, a pumping station has been installed in the well, or pumping equipment has been inserted into the central water supply system, you can proceed to adjustment.

In order to adjust the pumping station after connecting it and determine at what pressure value it will turn off and at what pressure it will turn on, about two liters of water are poured into the receiving device of the equipment, after which the pump is put into operation. When the station is turned off, the level of water pressure at which this occurred is recorded. In the same way, the pressure value at which the station automatically starts is recorded.

Fixing situations in which the pumping station does not turn off at a certain water pressure is quite simple. To do this, you need to adjust the operation of the pressure switch, the design of which for such purposes includes special screws that are responsible for the degree of compression of the springs. If the pumping station does not turn off when a certain water pressure is reached, it is necessary to adjust the pressure level at which the relay will operate. To do this, remove the device cover and tighten the screw with the letters DR in the “+” or “–” direction. To adjust the pressure level at which the station will automatically turn on, screw P is used.

Thus, knowing how to properly install a well pump with your own hands, this procedure is quite easy to cope with. Having information on how to connect a pumping station to a well, for the drilling of which it is better to involve qualified specialists, you can provide conditions for the most effective use of such equipment.

It is not always possible to use a centralized water supply, especially if the housing is somewhat remote from the city. But sometimes you have to connect special equipment, such as a pumping station for a home, the connection diagram of which depends on the operating conditions and parameters of the water source (well, well), and in conditions of insufficient water pressure from the central pipeline.

The most important, main components are the pump unit itself and the storage tank. Depending on the design, the mechanism is controlled by an automation unit or a float element. As a result, it turns out that each of the operating nodes is found in different versions. For example, the drive exists in the form of a hydraulic accumulator and a tank. The pumping unit itself may or may not be equipped with an ejector. Moreover, the first of these options can be made with a built-in or external ejector.

Devices with a storage tank have a long list of disadvantages, including the main ones: large dimensions, and therefore difficulties during installation, as well as the lack of forced action on water, which does not contribute to an increase in pressure in the system.

The most common versions today are those with a hydraulic accumulator.. The principle of their operation is based on the features of the main unit, which is divided inside the cavity into two compartments. Both of them are responsible for different functions: pumping air or water.

The pressure level is monitored by a relay, which turns off the device when the pressure reaches a certain level. If the value of this parameter drops to the minimum limit, the relay is activated and the device is put into operation. Despite its popularity, this type of equipment also has its drawbacks, in particular, the tank is not very spacious.

with hydraulic accumulator

Basic criteria for choosing a device

Installation of a pumping station in a private house is preceded by careful selection of the most suitable model. Among all the functions, including the least important ones, you should first of all pay attention to the following:

the suction depth of the device, which must correspond to the parameters of the well itself, because if these parameters are met, as well as with sufficient power, the highest level of productivity can be obtained;
water supply speed, also known as productivity;
power of the device, but you should not choose a model with the largest margin for this parameter, as this will lead to unnecessarily high energy consumption;
type of device control: manual drive or automatic;
the number of people who will use such a water supply system in the future;
tank volume, which will allow you to use the device for a long time without connecting to the mains.

If we talk about the performance of the device itself, then this parameter will never should not exceed the natural productivity of the water source(wells, wells). If these characteristics do not match, the liquid will be pumped with impurities.

A do-it-yourself pumping station for a dacha is connected based on some information about the composition of the family. So, if the power of the device is not sufficient to provide the required speed of pumping water, then there will not be enough water in the system to supply a large number of people living in the house, which will lead to a weakening of the pressure and uninterrupted operation of the device.

For example, in order for a family of 4 to be able to use a local water supply system, a device performance level of approximately 3 cubic meters is required. m/h, however, this figure may vary depending on the level of intensity of water use.

The principle of choosing a site for installation

The main disadvantage of pumping stations is the impossibility of using them during the cold season in unheated rooms or in open areas. It happens that users organize additional heating for devices standing on the surface of the earth, protected only by primitive construction. In this case, of course, there will be some effect from such actions, but in reality the result will only be excessive fuel consumption (if an liquid fuel heater is used, for example).

For more efficient and economical use of such units, before connecting a pumping station in a country house or in a private house, it is recommended to adhere to a number of rules:

the location for installing pumping equipment should be chosen taking into account the possibility of installing a centralized heating system, and the presence of energy sources in the room is not desirable;
It is recommended to organize free access to the device, which will simplify maintenance even in the event of equipment failure;
professionals advise install such equipment as close to the water source as possible(well, well).

As you can see, if you plan to purchase such equipment, the connection diagram for a pumping station for a home or cottage from a well or should cover all possible features, up to the organization of a special room for these needs.

Choosing a system: one-pipe or two-pipe?

In total, there are two options for connecting equipment of this kind, each of which requires the need to take into account several parameters: the installation depth of the equipment, the configuration of the water supply. Thus, a distinction is made between one-pipe and two-pipe systems for connecting pumping equipment. In the first case, we are talking about shallow depths, while the second option is usually used to increase the depth of water suction by a pump from a well.

More specifically, some boundaries can be noted for both cases. For a one-pipe system, a threshold of up to 8 m depth is sufficient, for a two-pipe system – from 8 m or more. Moreover, the second option assumes use of pumping equipment with an external ejector.

How to connect to a water source (well, borehole)

Usually the location of the well is in close proximity to the home, which greatly simplifies the extraction of water and its supply to the house for the general needs of the family. Accordingly, you will not have to dig an endless trench to lay a pipeline, which is one of the main links in the chain of organizing local water supply using a pumping unit. Main works:

Preparation of trenches, which are made at a depth below the soil freezing level and with a slight slope towards the water source to increase the efficiency of equipment operation and water supply to the site.
Preparation of a polyethylene pipe with a diameter of 32 mm from a well (well) for connection with pumping equipment. At this stage, a check valve and a mesh are mounted on its end part. Moreover, installing a pumping station in a dacha with your own hands does not necessarily have to imply independent fastening of these elements, since it is quite possible to purchase a ready-made pipe with a check valve connected to it and a coarse filter (also known as a mesh).
Connection to the pump unit is made using a coupling, a metal angle with a thread.
Next, the pipe leading to the water supply is connected to the pumping equipment according to the principle described above, using a combined coupling with an angle of 90 degrees and an “American” one.
Before the first start, water is first poured into the pump unit through a special hole.

A detailed connection diagram of the pumping station is shown in the photo.

Organization of connection to the water supply

When connecting a pumping station to a central water supply, connecting elements (fittings) are also used. A connecting element is attached to each of the holes (inlet and outlet), providing a hermetically sealed fastening of the pipeline. The pipeline from the pumping station is connected to the water supply using a special insert or tee.

For better water purification It is recommended to install two filter elements: coarse and deep cleaning. Moreover, there are some nuances when installing such parts. Before connecting to the internal water supply, a deep cleaning filter is installed, and a coarse filter element is mounted at the inlet of the pumping station. After fastening all the elements, the equipment is started.

Thus, in total, not much work needs to be done at the stage of connecting a pumping station for a summer house and home, but it is the preparation that takes more time, for example, digging trenches for laying a pipeline.

For greater convenience, some tricks are often used to smooth out the operation of such equipment, in particular, installing the pump on a concrete or brick base, on top of which a rubber mat is placed. In this case, the equipment is fixed to the base using anchors. This will somewhat smooth out the effect of vibration during operation of the device.

Additional information on how to install a pumping station at your dacha with your own hands is presented in the video.

Staying outside the city, in a country residence, has additional difficulties, since centralized communications are not available everywhere. Residents of the periphery improve living conditions in a cottage or house so that it does not differ from urban comfortable housing. One of the points of a comfortable life concerns the constant availability of water in sufficient quantities. In this case, special equipment will help - a do-it-yourself pumping station. By installing it yourself, you can save your family budget.

The majority of wells in summer cottages have a depth of up to 20 m – optimal for installing automatic equipment. With these parameters, there is no need to purchase a deep-well pump, an automatic control system or an intermediate tank: water flows directly from the well (or well) to the collection points. To ensure the correct connection of the pumping station, you need to understand what it consists of and how it works.

The main functional units of the station are the following equipment:

, ensuring the rise of water and its transportation to the house.
A hydraulic accumulator that softens hydraulic shock. It consists of two parts separated by a membrane.
Electric motor connected to pressure switch and pump.
A pressure switch that controls its level in the system. If the pressure drops below a certain parameter, it starts the motor, if there is excess pressure, it turns it off.
A pressure gauge is a device for determining pressure. It is used to make adjustments.
A water intake system equipped with a check valve (located in a well or well).
The main connecting the water intake and the pump.

Using this formula, you can determine the maximum suction depth: the diagram clearly demonstrates what measurements need to be made for this

The most common version of a pumping station is a hydraulic accumulator with a surface pump mounted on top and a unit that includes a pressure gauge, pressure switch and dry-running protection

As can be seen from the table, the cost of pumping stations can vary. It depends on the power, maximum pressure, throughput, manufacturer

Before installing pumping equipment, it is necessary to purchase all functional parts according to the parameters of the well and water supply system.

Self-installation of a pumping station

At first glance, there are quite a lot of places for installing equipment - this is any free corner in the house or outside it. In reality, everything turns out to be different. However, only a well-thought-out installation of a pumping station guarantees its full operation, so some conditions must be observed.

Installation conditions:

proximity to a well or well ensures stable water absorption;
the room must be warm, dry and ventilated;
the location should not be cramped, as maintenance and repair work will be required;
the room must hide the noise produced by the pumping equipment.

One option for installing a pumping station is on a shelf specially attached to the wall. The installation room is a boiler room, boiler room or utility room.

It is difficult to comply with all the conditions, but it is advisable to adhere to at least some. So, let's look at several suitable installation locations.

Option #1 – room inside the house

A well-insulated boiler room on the territory of the cottage is an ideal area for installation in case of permanent residence. The main disadvantage is good audibility with poor sound insulation of the room.

If the pumping station is located in a separate room of a country house, then it is best to install the well directly under the building

The material on how to make a well water supply system will also be useful:

Option #2 – basement

An underground or basement room can be equipped for the installation of a pumping station, but this should be considered during the design. If there is no heating in the room, and the floors and walls are not insulated, you will have to spend a lot of effort to prepare it.

A well-equipped basement is ideal for installing a pumping station. When laying a pipeline, a hole for communications should be made in the foundation of the house.

Option #3 – special well

A possible option that has a couple of pitfalls. The first is the difficulty of maintaining the required level of pressure in the house, the second is the difficulty of carrying out repair work.

When the pumping station is located in a well, on a specially equipped site, the pressure level should be adjusted, which depends on the power of the equipment and the parameters of the pressure pipe

Option #4 – caisson

A special area near the well exit is also suitable for installation, the main thing is to correctly calculate the depth of its location. The required temperature will be created by the heat of the earth.

The pumping station located in the well caisson has two advantages: complete noise insulation and protection from freezing during frosts

In the absence of specially designated places, the unit is installed in common areas (in the hallway, bathroom, corridor, kitchen), but this is a last resort. The loud noise of the station and comfortable rest are incompatible concepts, so it is better to prepare a separate room for installing a pumping station in the country.

Pipeline laying

The well is usually located near the house. In order for the pumping station to operate properly and without interruptions, it is necessary to ensure the unhindered flow of water from the source to the equipment, which is located in a specially designated area. For this purpose, a pipeline is laid.

Low winter temperatures can cause pipes to freeze, so they are buried in the ground, preferably to a depth below the ground freezing level. Otherwise, the line should be insulated. The work boils down to the following:

digging a trench with a slight slope towards the well;
installing a hole in the foundation for the pipe at the optimal height (if necessary);
pipe laying;
connecting the pipeline to pumping equipment.

During the construction of the highway, you may encounter a problem such as the presence of high-standing surface water. In this case, the pipes are installed above the critical level, and heat-insulating material or a heating cable are used to protect against cold.

Advantages of polyethylene pipes and fittings over their metal counterparts: lack of corrosion, ease of installation and repair, low price (30-40 rubles/linear meter)

This pumping station installation diagram shows an option for insulating pipes above the ground freezing level

The best option for thermal insulation of external water pipes is a solid “shell” of polystyrene foam (8 cm thick) wrapped in foil

For thermal insulation of pipes that are laid above the ground freezing level, an inexpensive and environmentally friendly material is often used - basalt-based mineral wool.

Exterior works

We attach a metal mesh to the outside of the polypropylene pipe, which will serve as a coarse filter. In addition, you will need a check valve to ensure that the pipe is constantly filled with water.

It is possible to purchase a ready-made hose with a check valve and a coarse filter, but equipped with your own hands will cost much less

Without this part, the pipe will remain empty, therefore, the pump will not be able to pump water. We fix the check valve using a coupling with an external thread. The end of the pipe equipped in this way is placed in the well.

The coarse filter for the supply hose is a metal mesh with a fine mesh. Without it, proper operation of the pumping station is impossible

After completing these steps, you can start upgrading the well head.

Connecting equipment

So, how should you properly connect your home pumping station so as not to encounter technical inconsistencies in the future? First of all, we install the unit on a specially prepared base. It can be brick, concrete or wood. To ensure stability, we screw the legs of the station using anchor bolts.

For installation of the pumping station, special legs-stands are provided; however, to provide additional stability, the equipment must be fixed with bolts

Placing a rubber mat under the equipment can help dampen unnecessary vibrations.

For more convenient maintenance, the pumping station is installed on a base the height of a regular table, made of durable material - concrete, brick

The next step is to connect the pipe coming from the well. Most often this is a polyethylene product with a diameter of 32 mm. To connect, you will need a coupling with an external thread (1 inch), a metal angle with an external thread (1 inch), a check valve with the same diameter, and a straight American tap. We connect all the parts: we secure the pipe with a coupling, and we fix the “American” with a thread.

One of the check valves is located in the well, the second is mounted directly to the pumping station. Both valves serve to protect the system from water hammer and ensure the correct direction of water movement

The second outlet is intended for communication with the water supply network. It is usually located at the top of the equipment. The connection pipes are also made of polyethylene, as it is an inexpensive, flexible, durable material. Fixing occurs in a similar way - using an “American” and a combined coupling (1 inch, 90° angle) with an external thread. First, we screw the “American” to the outlet of the station, then we install a propylene coupling into the tap, and finally we fix the water pipe in the coupling using the soldering method.

To completely seal the connections, they must be sealed. Traditionally, a winding made of flax is used, and a special sealing paste is applied on top of it.

After you have connected the pumping station to the water intake and plumbing system, you need to check the quality of its operation.

We are conducting a test run

Before starting the station, it must be filled with water. We let water through the filler hole so that it fills the accumulator, lines and pump. Open the valves and turn on the power. The engine starts and water begins to fill the pressure pipe until all the air is removed. The pressure will increase until the set value is reached - 1.5-3 atm, then the equipment will automatically turn off.

In some cases it is necessary to adjust the pressure value. To do this, remove the cover from the relay and tighten the nut

As you can see, installing a home pumping station with your own hands is not at all difficult; the main thing is to follow the installation instructions.

Comfortable and complete living in a country house without running water is impossible. Today, country houses have not only water intake taps, but also equipment that requires automatic water supply. Pumping stations are installed to supply water around the clock.

Scope of application

When a water supply structure is being built, any owner wants to end up with constant water pressure. Pumping stations are designed to lift water from depths from wells and wells. There are many models of pumping equipment on the market, differing both in power, location and principle of operation. Surface systems are placed on the ground, and water is supplied using a hose; submersible structures are lowered into a well or borehole.

If the pump is used around the clock in a constant mode, then the structure will wear out very quickly, and this is where a pumping station is used to constantly supply water.

Construction of pumping stations:

Pump. This type of equipment uses surface pumps;
Filter;
Hydraulic accumulator. The principle of operation of the battery is based on stretching the rubber partition when the pressure increases, and vice versa when the pressure decreases. Thereby stabilizing the pressure;
The pumping system is equipped with a control unit to determine when it is necessary to turn the equipment on and off.

Options for installing a pumping station for a private home

There are several options for installing pumping equipment, regardless of the location of the source:

In the basement of the building. This method greatly facilitates system maintenance, since there is free access, but you should think about it before installation, since some types of pumping stations are very noisy;
Can be located in a buiding, standing separately near the well, but this will require additional construction costs;
In the caisson– this location occurs below soil freezing.

How to choose a location?

Pumping equipment emits strong vibrations; the base on which the system will stand must be firmly and securely fixed. Otherwise, vibrations may result in leaks at the joints of the water supply system, and the structure should not come into contact with the walls.

The system must not be exposed to frost; the room must be heated; sub-zero temperatures will damage all parts.

Options for connection diagrams of a pumping station for a private house

There are two installation schemes: two-pipe and one-pipe; the choice will depend on the design of the water supply system. A two-pipe design is used if it is necessary to supply water from a great depth of more than 20 m. A single-pipe design is used at a depth of less than 10 m.